# t-test >[!Abstract] The t-test is structured similarily to the Z-test, but uses the sample variance $s^2$ instead of the population variance. The t-test is parameterized by the degrees of freedom, which refers to the number of independent observations in a dataset. The t-test is given by: >$t = \frac{\bar{x} - \mu_0}{s/\sqrt{n}} \sim t_n - 1$